Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a microscopic parasite. It is easily cured with medicine but often causes no symptoms, which can allow it to spread unnoticed between partners.

• In women: frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a strong odour, itching, and discomfort during urination or sex
• In men: often no symptoms, though some experience mild irritation inside the penis, discharge, or discomfort with urination
• Many infections in both men and women cause no noticeable symptoms at all

• Caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, transmitted through unprotected vaginal sex.
• Risk is increased by multiple sexual partners and inconsistent condom use.

• Diagnosed through examination of vaginal or urethral discharge under a microscope, or specific laboratory testing where available.
• Often managed through syndromic treatment based on symptoms of abnormal discharge in settings without ready access to specific testing.

A single oral dose of metronidazole (or tinidazole where available) is the standard, highly effective treatment.

Sexual partners should be treated at the same time, even without symptoms, to prevent reinfection.

Patients are advised to abstain from sex until both they and their partner have completed treatment and any symptoms have resolved.

Alcohol should be avoided during and shortly after metronidazole treatment, as it can cause an unpleasant reaction.

• Consistent and correct condom use.
• Ensure sexual partners are tested and treated together.
• Attend regular STI screening if at higher risk.
• Avoid sexual contact until treatment is completed by both partners.